Journal of Global Humanities and Social Sciences 2737-5374 2737-5382 BONI FUTURE DIGITAL PUBLISHING CO.,LIMITED https://ojs.bonfuturepress.com/index.php/GHSS/article/view/224 3 2 2022 2025-07-28 Lei Zhang,Li Shi,Yuhan Guo Mountainous area in the middle of Shandong province is located in the south-central part of Shandong Province, including six cities and nineteen counties in Shandong Province. It has outstanding physical and geographical features and profound cultural accumulation. The function and structure of settlement space have distinct regional and humanistic characteristics. Based on literature review, field investigation, this paper obtains information and data about the nature, history, economy, ecology, policy and other aspects of the study area, summarizes and analyzes the natural environment conditions and humanistic environment foundation of rural settlement space formation in this area, and grasps the basic state of rural settlement space evolution in this area. It is found that the foundation of rural settlement space evolution in mountainous area in the middle of Shandong province is mainly the natural ecological background of mountains, water and fields, prominent and active rural economy and beautiful and fragile ecological environment. This study can provide reference for the optimization and reconstruction of settlement table space. rural settlements,evolution,mountainous area in the middle of Shandong province 10.47852/bonviewGHSS2022030212